Green's theorem

It converts the line integral of a vector field around a positively oriented closed curve into a double integral of its curl over the region the curve encloses. It is used to evaluate line integrals in the plane or to compute areas and fluxes.

\iint_S \left( \frac{\partial F_2}{\partial x} - \frac{\partial F_1}{\partial y} \right) \mathrm{d}A = \oint_{\partial S} F_1 \, \mathrm{d}x + F_2 \, \mathrm{d}y

What the symbols mean

plane region enclosed by the closed curve
boundary curve of S, oriented positively
scalar function giving the x-component of the vector field
scalar function giving the y-component of the vector field
area element of the region S
differential of x along the boundary curve \partial S
differential of y along the boundary curve \partial S

About this formula

  • FieldMathematics
  • TopicVector calculus
  • LevelUniversity
  • Also calledline integral to double integral, circulation around closed curve, green's theorem vector calculus, curl theorem in the plane, closed line integral double integral
  • SourceWikidata Q321237

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