First law of thermodynamics

The change in a system's internal energy equals the heat added to the system minus the work the system does on its surroundings. It is used to track energy flows in any thermodynamic process.

\Delta U = Q - W

What the symbols mean

change in internal energy of the system (J)
thermal energy added to the system as heat (J)
work done by the system on its surroundings (J)

About this formula

  • FieldPhysics
  • TopicThermodynamics
  • LevelUniversity
  • Also calledconservation of energy, energy conservation in thermodynamics, internal energy change, heat and work energy balance, delta U equals Q minus W, first law of thermodynamics formula
  • SourceWikidata Q179380

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